HOW TO DEFEND A MORTGAGEE SALE
-
All text must be copied without modification and all pages must be included.
-
This document must not be distributed for profit.
TOTALACCOUNTING
NEW CLIENTS
Claiming of Various Business Expenses- IRD Regulations
Borrowing Money
How to Defend a Mortgagee Sale
CLAIMING OF VARIOUS BUSINESS EXPENSES- IRD REGULATIONS
You may claim the cost of protective clothing necessary for you to follow your business activity.
This could be -
Everyday type clothing and footwear which will be worn to places other than your business/ underclothing is not claimable. In some cases the cost of everyday clothing, over and above "normal" requirements is also allowable if it is needed because of conditions peculiar to the business activity type. Television personalities, public entertainers and models' are some examples of persons who may claim this extra expense for this reason.
The cost of laundering or dry cleaning the types of clothing mentioned above may be claimed as a deduction.
You may claim the cost of travelling from one job to another. as long as you go directly from the one job to the other job. The cost of travelling from your home to your work and back, if your home is your work base, is not allowable.
Educational costs which help you keep up with modern developments or to maintain your knowledge or skill in your business activity are claimable, such as the cost of short refresher courses -travelling expenses to these are claimable too.
The cost of journals, periodicals and information services used for reference purposes and to keep up with developments in your work may be claimed as a deduction.
To qualify as a deduction the cost must relate to tools, instruments and equipment necessary in carrying out your business activit.
If your business activity requires you to have a periodical medical examination you may claim a deduction. This could apply to aircraft pilots, professional drivers etc.
If you have to have a licence to engage in your business activity you can claim the cost as a deduction.
You can claim for subscriptions, fees or levies paid to trade or professional unions or associations.
Borrowing money is one of the most common sources of funding for a small business, but obtaining a loan isn't always easy. Before you approach your bank for a loan, it is a good idea to understand as much as you can about the factors the bank will evaluate when they consider making you a loan. This discussion outlines some of the key factors a bank uses to analyse a potential borrower.
Key Points to Consider
These are some of the key points your bank will
review:
1. Ability to Repay/Capacity
The ability to repay must be justified in your loan
package. Banks want to see two sources of repayment -- cashflow from the
business, plus a secondary source such as collateral. In order to analyze
the cash flow of the business, the lender will review the business's past
financial statements. Generally, banks feel most comfortable dealing with a
business that has been in existence for a number of years because they have
a financial track record. If the business has consistently made a profit and
that profit can cover the payment of additional debt, then it is likely that
the loan will be approved. If however, the business has been operating
marginally and now has a new opportunity to grow or if that business is a
start-up, then it is necessary to prepare a thorough loan package with
detailed explanation addressing how the business will be able to repay the
loan.
2. Credit History
One of the first things a bank will determine when a
person/business requests a loan is whether their personal and business
credit is good. Most banks have access to this information. Therefore
before you go to the bank, or even start the process of preparing a loan
request, you want to make sure your credit is good.
If you have been late by a month on an occasional payment, this probably will not adversely affect your credit. However, if you are continuously late in paying your credit, have a credit that was never paid and charged off, have a judgment against you, or have declared bankruptcy in the last 7 years, it is likely that you will have difficulty in obtaining a loan.
In some cases, a person has had a period of bad credit based on a divorce, medical crisis, or some other significant event. If you can show that your credit was good before and after this event and that you have tried to pay back those debts incurred in the period of bad credit, you should be able to obtain a loan. It is best if you write an explanation of your credit problems and how you have rectified them and attach this to your credit report in your loan package.
3. Equity
Financial institutions want to see a certain amount of
equity in a business. Equity can be built up in a business through retained
earnings or the injection of cash from either the owner or investors.
Don't be misled into thinking that start-up businesses can obtain 100% financing. A business owner usually must put some of her/his own money into the business. The amount an individual must put into the business in order to obtain a loan is dependent on the type of loan, purpose and terms. For example, many banks want the owner to put in at least 20 - 40% of the total request.
Example: A new business needs a $100,000 to start. The business owner must put $20,000 of her own money into the new business as equity. Her loan will be $80,000. The debt to equity ratio is 4:1. Note also that this is only one of many factors used to evaluate the business -- just having the right debt/equity ratio does not guarantee you'll get the loan.
4. Collateral
Financial institutions are looking for a second source
of repayment, which often is collateral. Collateral are those personal and
business assets that can be sold to pay back the loan. Most loan programmes
require at least some collateral to secure a loan. If a potential borrower
has no collateral to secure a loan, he/ she will need a co-signer that has
collateral to pledge. Otherwise it may be difficult to obtain a loan.
The value of collateral is not based on the market
value. It is discounted to take into account the value that would be lost if
the assets had to be liquidated.
5. Experience
A bank is likely to give
more crebility to a loan applicant if the borrower has experience in the
purpose of the loan rather than no experience at all. It may be
advisable to indicate to the bank that the borrower intends to hire people
who know the business or take on a partner that has the appropriate
experience. Regardless, applicants are advised to take some time to work in
the business first, and some training classes in the industry.
Questions Your Bank is Likely to Ask
The key questions the bank will be seeking to answer are as follows:
HOW TO DEFEND A MORTGAGEE SALE
If you fail to make the payments due under a mortgage on your home, the lender (the "mortgagee") has the right to recoup the loan amount through exercising the powers contained in the mortgage contract. Usually this is done through the power to sell the property.
The mortgagee must, however, fulfil certain strict legal requirements, including serving you (the "mortgagor") with the proper notice. If these requirements aren’t met then you may be able to apply to the court for a remedy.
Before taking action the mortgagee must serve you with a notice under THE PROPERTY LAW ACT. This notice must adequately inform you of:
The date specified must be at least four weeks from the date on which the notice is given. But if the mortgage contract specifies a period for this that is longer than four weeks, the date specified in the notice cannot be earlier than the end of that longer period.
If you receive a notice from your mortgagee that does not comply with the legal requirements, you may be able to apply to the court for an injunction to prevent the sale going ahead. Further, if the mortgagee exercises the power of sale before the date specified in the notice, you may also be able to apply to the court for a remedy.
The mortgagee has a statutory duty to take reasonable care to obtain the best price reasonably obtainable as at the time of sale. If the mortgagee breaches this duty, you can apply to the court for a remedy.
To satisfy the duty the mortgagee must adequately market the property, which may involve advertising outside the local area, giving notice of the property’s advantages (including the potential for any development), and setting a realistic reserve price based on the property’s valuation.
The mortgagee can exercise the power of sale in one of three ways:
There is a small degree of protection afforded to you, the mortgagor, through the "redemption price" – this is the price at which you may redeem the land to be sold. At any time before the Registrar’s sale you may pay the redemption price or the amount due and owing under the mortgage; the mortgagee must then release the mortgage.
The redemption price is set by the mortgagee, and must be specified in the mortgagee’s application to the Registrar to conduct the sale. Any advertisement for the mortgagee sale must state that the redemption price is available at the Registrar’s office and can be obtained before the auction.
If we can assist further, please email TotalAccounting as follows: